Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) utilizing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have emerged as a promising technology for wastewater treatment due to their ability to achieve high removal rates of organic matter, nutrients, and microorganisms. To optimize the performance of these systems, several key factors need to be carefully considered. The sel

PVDF membrane bioreactors have exhibited promising results in wastewater treatment applications. Recent studies have investigated the performance of these systems in terms of various factors, including treatment capacity for contaminants. Results indicate that PVDF membrane bioreactors efficiently remove a wide range of waste products from wastewat